Forms of alopecia
Alopecia (alopecia) - pathological hair loss. The reasons why a person begins to lose hair against the background of complete health can be divided into 2 main groups: external and internal. Internal causes include hormonal and endocrine imbalances, autoimmune processes, genetic predisposition, external - mental state (stress), infection, physical trauma (damage to the skin), the effects of toxic substances, etc.
Often there is a combination of several factors that lead to hair loss. Depending on which cause is decisive, several forms of alopecia are distinguished. The most common form is androgenic alopecia, which occurs in both men and women. Approximately 95% of all balding have this form. The next in number is focal alopecia (less than 4%). All other types of alopecia, taken together, account for less than 1%.
Androgenic Alopecia
Sex hormones themselves do not have a suppressive or stimulating effect on hair follicles. Thus, estrogen stimulates hair growth on the head, but inhibits hair growth in other parts of the body. Androgens stimulate the growth of beard, mustache, vegetation on the body, but they suppress the growth of hair on the head. How a particular sex hormone acts on a given hair follicle is determined by the genetic characteristics of the particular follicle. Androgenic alopecia is the most common cause of baldness in men and thinning hair in women. In the development of androgenic alopecia, the main role belongs to 5-alpha reductase - an enzyme that restores testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
DHT reduces the growth phase of the hair follicle, which leads to its miniaturization and gradual atrophy. At the same time, the life cycle of the hair is shortened, resulting in increased hair loss. Studies have shown that the level of androgens in women with androgenic alopecia often does not exceed the norm. This suggests that in the pathogenesis of androgenic alopecia, the main role is played by the increased sensitivity of the follicles to the action of DHT. In men, DHT-sensitive follicles are located on the crown and on the hairline, which explains the characteristic appearance of male prolicines. Female androgenic alopecia is diffuse and rarely leads to baldness.
Alopecia or Alopecia areata (AA)
May occur in both men and women and children. AA usually begins with the appearance on the head of several circles, devoid of hair, sometimes other areas are affected, for example, eyebrows and beard. For most, this is a year later or earlier. In some of the affected areas, the hair begins to grow again, but there are other prunes. For others, baldness is progressing - existing blankets increase and new ones appear.
The causes and mechanisms of development are still not completely clear. Many facts indicate that AA is an autoimmune disease in which the cells of their own immune system inhibit the growth of hair fibers from hair follicles. A certain role is played by hereditary factors.
Hair loss
A type of alopecia, in which the hair is constantly falling out due to strong tension, often as a result of heavily tightened hairstyles, such as braids.
Prolonged hair loss due to stress
With sudden severe stress, slower hair growth may occur, resulting in hair loss becoming more noticeable. Stress forces most of the follicles to enter the resting phase, and a few months after the stressful events, all the resting follicles drop their hair at about the same time.
Sudden hair loss
Loss of hair in the active growth phase as a result of chemicals or radiation. Such treatments for cancer patients, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, stop the growth phase and lead to sudden hair loss. Side effects of some drugs can also be excessive hair loss.
Damaged hair
The hair shaft is made of soft keratin; therefore, to ensure mechanical strength, it is wrapped in a cuticle — several layers of transparent scales, whose keratin is more solid. In normal hair, the scales fit tightly to each other, so the hair looks shiny, flexible and easy to comb. Perm, dyeing, blow-drying and other effects cause flaking of the flakes, as a result of which they rise. It causes hair tangling, difficulty combing. In some cases, the destruction of the cuticle goes so far that hair appears, almost completely devoid of cuticle. They are often split at the ends (split) and break off at the root. At the same time, the follicle remains intact and hair growth continues.
Food deficiency
Nutritional deficiencies rarely cause hair loss. In some cases, a certain food deficiency can cause weakening of the hair fibers, which leads to their damage.
Other causes of hair loss
Hair loss can be caused by an infectious or non-infectious disease. Most often, the prognosis in such cases is favorable and depends on the course of the underlying disease. After removing the cause in most cases, hair growth is restored.
Remedies for baldness: facts and legends
Until recently, scientists were only amazed at the credulity of people willing to try any means that promised them hair restoration. However, studies have shown that a person is so well suggestible that his hair growth can be caused by a completely inert substance. Various emotions, mental attitude can strongly affect the hair, causing their growth or loss. All this makes it difficult to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of various baldness remedies. Additional difficulties arise from the fact that baldness can be caused by different reasons. Accordingly, with one form of baldness, the substance can act, and with the other - no.
It is considered that the following categories of substances are undoubtedly effective means:
1. Minoxidil (Rogaine, Regaine) and its analogues.
2. DGT blockers and other antiandrogens.
3. Means that enhance the proliferative processes in the epidermis.
Some substances are used to prevent baldness, but data on their effectiveness is not enough. These include:
1. Anti-inflammatory substances.
2. Other means, including means of alternative medicine.
As for cosmetics, they by definition can not cause hair growth. They are used to hide hair loss and help balding people to adapt to society. This group includes:
1. Conditioners that increase the volume of hair and create the effect of pomp.
2. Means for a wave.
3. Paint that helps disguise burrs.
4. Chignons of various modifications.
6. Methods of plastic surgery.
Minoxidil and its analogues
Minoxidil (Rogaine, Regaine)
Minoxidil was originally used as a medicine to treat hypertension.At the same time, enhanced hair growth was noted as a side effect. The Upjohn Company developed the drug Rogaine (outside the United States - Regaine) on the basis of Minoxidil, which is now widely used as a remedy for baldness. Minoxidil prolongs the growth phase of the hair follicles, and causes an increase in atrophic follicles.
In order to achieve visible results, you need a long-term use of the drug. Restoration of hair is observed in 30% of people, while the rest has the appearance of short vellus hair. The best treatment for minoxidil is female androgenic alopecia (success is achieved in 40% of cases), as well as male androgenic alopecia with thinning hair at the crown. With a long-existing smooth bald patch, minoxidil is not very effective.
Minoxidil in the form of a 2% - or 5% solution in water or propylene glycol is applied to the scalp twice a day, morning and evening. It is colorless, odorless and absorbs quickly. After that, the hair can be styled using any styling products. The first results are observed after 3 months of continuous use of the drug, and a noticeable effect is visible only after 10-12 months of treatment. If treatment with minoxidil is stopped, the hair returns to its original state.
Recently, drugs based on a combination of minoxidil with tretinoin (Retin A) have appeared. Retinoids appear to play an important role in changing the status of the regressing follicles. Some types of retinoids are supposed to increase epithelial and vascular proliferation, prolong the anagenic phase of the hair growth cycle, and also contribute to the absorption of minoxidil.
There is evidence of successful use in treating diffuse alopecia of tretinoin in combination with L-cysteine and gelatin (18,000 IE, 70 mg and 700 mg, respectively, daily). The treatment can be carried out for a long time, since no side effects are detected.
Among other hair growth stimulants in a manner similar to Minoxidil, the following drugs work:
Amineksil (Aminexil, Dercap) is a structural analogue of minoxidil. Aminexil-based baldness medication developed by L'Oreal Vishy Lab. According to a clinical study, amineksil reduced hair loss in 8% of men and 66% of women. 80% of women have stronger and thicker hair. The mechanism of action of aminexyl is not fully elucidated. Currently, L'Oreal has already released shampoo with amineksilom.
Cromaline (Cromacalin), like Minoxidil, opens potassium channels and stimulates DNA synthesis in keratinocytes and hair follicles. Also originally used to treat hypertension. Now the Upjohn Company has patented the use of crocamline to restore hair growth.
Diazoxide (Diazoxide) - antihypertensive agent that opens potassium channels. Causes hair growth like Minoxidil. It exists only as a hypertensive agent, so the drug for the treatment of alopecia from it must be prepared independently.
Pinatsidil (Pinacidil) - An antihypertensive agent that causes hair growth like Minoxidil. Undergoes clinical testing as a remedy for baldness.
DHT blockers
Antiandrogens - These are drugs that can only be used under medical supervision. The mechanism of action of antiandrogens may be different, but all of them, to one degree or another, interfere with the interaction of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with receptors of hair follicle cells. The most common antiandrogens used to treat androgenic alopecia are blockers of 5-alpha reductase, an enzyme that is responsible for the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. There are two types of 5-alpha reductase in the body. One is found predominantly in the skin and hair follicles, and the other in the prostate gland.The cutaneous type 5-alpha reductase is responsible for the appearance of acne and hair loss, and the genital type is responsible for sexual functions. In the treatment of androgenic alopecia, they try to selectively affect the enzyme contained in the skin, however, to some extent, both types of enzyme are inhibited. In women suffering from androgenic alopecia, it is most often referred to as a hyperandrogenic syndrome, in which there is a combination of hirsutism (increased facial hair growth), hair loss and acne. In such patients, antiandrogen treatment gives particularly good results.
Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) is an inhibitor of 5-alpha reductase (first used in 1989). Preferably, finasteride acts on 5-alpha reductase contained in the skin and hair follicles. Finasteride noticeably reduces the level of circulating DHT. Finasteride is taken orally in 0.05-5 mg / day for two years. The first results can be seen only after 3-6 months after starting the drug. A satisfactory result is achieved in 60% of men with androgenic alopecia. Side effects, such as impotence, loss of libido and a decrease in the number of sperm, are not always manifested (approximately in 3% of those treated), and often decrease with time. For the treatment of female androgenic alopecia, finasteride is not used.
Fruits of a dwarf palm tree (Saw Palmeto)
Saw Palmeto fruit oil contains a number of fatty acids (capric, caprylic, lauric, oleic and palmitic) and a large amount of phytosterols (beta-sitosterol, cycloartenol, lupeol, etc.), as well as resins and tannins. Saw Palmeto extract blocks both 5-alpha reductase and the binding of DHT to cell receptors. Usually used to treat prostate hyperplasia. Saw Palmeto is non-toxic, it can be used by both men and women. When using Saw Palmeto, the amount of DHT bound to receptors is halved. However, the use of Saw Palmeto for the treatment of alopecia remains in the field of alternative medicine, since no one has conducted clinical studies of its effect on hair growth.
Stinging nettle (Utrica dioica) has been used to strengthen hair since ancient times. Her extract also has the ability to block 5-alpha reductase.
Isoflavones (genistein, daidzein) - these are phytoestrogens found in some plants, such as red clover, soybean, alfalfa. Genistein and daidzein, the main source of which are soybeans, block 5-a-reductase and reduce the effect of androgens on cells.
Cimetidine (Tagamet) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist, which is used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers. Cimetidine has an anti-androgenic side effect, leading to impotence or loss of libido. Inhibits the action of DHT and increases the level of estrogen. Used to treat hyperandrogenic syndrome in women (acne, hypertrichosis, alopecia). It is used to treat alopecia in women (300 mg orally 5 times a day).
Spironolactone (Spironolacton, Aldacton) refers to diuretic and antihypertensive drugs. It has a strong systemic antiandrogenic effect, inhibiting the production of testosterone and blocking the binding of DHT to the receptors. In men, causes a decrease in libido and gynecomastia. It is used to treat alopecia in women, however, no clinical trials of its effectiveness with placebo control have been performed.
Tsiproteron (Cyproteron, Androcur) - used to treat men with sexual aggressiveness. It inhibits the production of both androgens and estrogens. Blocks the binding of DHT to receptors on cell membranes. Cyproterone in combination with ethinyl estradiol (a drug called Diane-35) is used to treat alopecia, acne and hypertrichosis in women, and also as a contraceptive.
Estrogen - Female sex hormones that balance and regulate the effects of androgens.Estrogens compete with androgens for binding sites on receptors, but do not in themselves enhance hair growth. It is estrogen that prevents hair loss in women. Treatment with estrogen is prescribed in women with hyperandrogenic syndrome.
Progesterone - the precursor of estrogens and androgens. There is evidence of the successful use of progesterone-containing ointment in the treatment of alopecia. Progesterone does not cause increased hair growth, but prevents their loss.
Simvastin (Simvastin) is used to lower blood cholesterol. It has a weak antiandrogenic effect.
Flutamide (Flutamide, Euflex, Eulexin) is a very strong antiandrogen. It blocks androgen receptors so well that the body stops responding to androgens altogether. Therefore, men are not recommended to use it. Some doctors use it in small doses topically, mixing it with minicidyl. This combination gives more noticeable results than just minoxidil. Treatment with antiandrogens can provoke sexual problems in men. In this case, along with treatment with antiandrogens, the amino acid L-arginine is prescribed. Arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide (NO) in the body. According to modern concepts, nitric oxide is necessary for the occurrence of an erection. For example, Viagra, a new remedy for impotence, enhances the effect of nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum, which leads to an erection. Arginine increases the concentration of nitric oxide, which also contributes to the erection. Unfortunately, arginine does not affect the power of libido, which decreases when taking antiandrogens. Yohimbe bark extract is used to enhance libido.
Proliferative processes
Hair growth and skin renewal are closely related to each other. This is due to their anatomical and physiological community. Therefore, substances that enhance the division of skin cells and promote skin renewal will also enhance hair growth. These are such things as copper-containing tripeptides and tretinoin (Retin-A).
Copper peptides (Tricomin)
Over the past few years, intensive research has been conducted on the role of copper in hair growth processes. Normally, the hair follicle contains a lot of copper compared to other tissues in the body. It is known that copper is an important component of a number of human skin enzymes, therefore its necessity for hair growth was not a surprise for scientists. Copper is required for the synthesis of melanin (tyrosinase), the fight against free radicals (superoxide dismutase - SOD), energy metabolism (cytochrome oxidase-C), etc. hair.
With androgenic alopecia, miniaturization of follicles occurs as a result of shortening the growth phase. In the hair growth phase, it is in close contact with the components of the extracellular matrix, and in the resting phase, the extracellular matrix disappears. Copper has been found to stimulate the synthesis of the components of the extracellular matrix. This contributes to the prolongation of the growth phase. Therefore, enriching the hair follicles with copper can prevent baldness and promote hair growth.
Currently, for the treatment of alopecia, the drug Tricomin has been developed - a complex of copper-containing tripeptides intended for topical use. Tricomin underwent clinical trials where its efficacy was compared with placebo and minoxidil. It turned out that Tricomin has a more pronounced effect on hair growth as compared to placebo, and compared to minoxidil.
Tretinoin (Retin-A)
Retinoids are known to stimulate skin renewal, increase collagen synthesis, and contribute to the disappearance of early signs of photoaging. Therefore, they should have a beneficial effect on hair growth. In 1986, trans-retinoic acid (Retin-A) passed clinical trials as a means of enhancing the therapeutic effect of minoxidil in the treatment of alopecia.However, there is evidence that trans retinoic acid itself can stimulate hair growth.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Corticosteroids
Used in the treatment of focal alopecia. With a mild course of the disease, a cream with corticosteroids is applied topically in selected areas. In more severe cases, corticosteroids are injected into the inflamed regions of the scalp. Intramuscular injections of corticosteroids are used if hair loss occurs throughout the body.
Side effects of corticosteroid treatment include weight loss, mood depression, and acne. With prolonged use of corticosteroids, thinning of the skin, suppression of the immune system, an increased risk of cancer and cataracts are observed.
Other means
For the treatment of alopecia also used a number of substances that can not be attributed to a particular group. These include Polysorbate 60 and Polysorbate 80. These substances are components of some hair products, including Life Extension Shampoo. They are used to reduce hair loss, apparently, they are involved in the emulsification of androgen-rich sebaceous glands, thereby facilitating its removal from the skin. Polysorbates are unlikely to contribute to the formation of new hair, but they may be useful when combined with other agents.
There are also a number of substances whose action has not been sufficiently studied, and therefore they have not been officially proposed for the treatment of alopecia.
Shown, that folic acid can be used in case of progressive hair loss (1 mg / kg body weight per day is applied orally). It contributes to the disappearance of crusts and spots of baldness. Folic acid is necessary for the normal course of cell development in various organs and tissues, including hair follicles. It may be useful in the treatment of certain types of alopecia, caused by either a lack of folic acid or a lack of coenzymes necessary for DNA synthesis.
Most pharmaceutical agents stimulate hair growth only to some extent, and individually, each drug does not give the desired cosmetic effect. Progressive forms of treatment are based on multicomponent systems that combine the use of antiandrogens with autoimmune protectors, oxygen radical inhibitors and other hair growth stimulants, which gives more satisfactory results.
Dr. Proctor's Advanced Hair Formula - contains a high dose of natural minoxidil (NANO) in combination with amplifiers of nitric oxide production, SOD and other substances that remove free radicals. The drug is presented in the form of a liquid and is used in combination with shampoos designed to strengthen and grow hair. May lead to the development of contact dermatitis.
Dr. Proctor's Europen Hair Formula - recommended for use with severe hair loss. Designed as a cream. In addition to the substances used in the previous formula, antiandrogens - phenytoin (dilantin), tretinion, and spironolactone - are included in its composition.
Recently, drugs made from plant extracts have become very popular. One of the first drugs of this type is Lotion 101 - hair restorer, created in Japan and very popular now throughout Asia. 90% of those using it have a positive effect. Fabao 101D is an advanced formulation based on this lotion, manufactured in the USA. It is an extract from 10 medicinal plants: Sophera flavescens, Radix astragali, Capsicum, Seu radix notopterygii, Safflower oil, Cortex dictamni radicis, Rhizoma gastroidia ginseng, Notoginseng, Heshouwu, PKO.
In 70% of patients, within two months, visible improvements appear, and after 4 months, a positive result is observed in 91%. After 6 months, 89% of patients reduce treatment to one procedure per week, and after 8 months - to one procedure in two weeks.65% of normal hair growth persists even after stopping the use of the drug. Especially significant improvement in the structure and growth of hair is typical for women.
Nutrifolica - Another drug of plant origin. Stops hair loss, thinning and promotes hair growth. It is a concentrated blend of 22 herbs: from Egypt: Lotus, Frankincense, Fenugrec, Black Sesame, Myrrh, Thyme, Damiana, Dulse Flakes, from Europe: Rosemary, Lavender, from USA: Saw Palmetto, Serenoa Repens, Ginkgo Biloba, from China : Ginger, Star Anise, Garlic, Hibiscus, Winter Cherry, Salvia Red Root, Psoralea, from Madagascar: Cloves, from Canada: Jaborandi, from Yucatan: Hebenero, from Brazil: Brazilian Ginseng.
In addition to the above plants, the drug also contains vitamins A, B1, B2, K, pantothenic acid and zinc, which nourish the hair follicles, hair and skin. In addition, it includes Primium Alpha Hydroxy (France) - honey extract, which acts as a soft, non-abrasive, non-irritating exfoliant. Removes dead skin cells and dirt from the surface of the head, thus facilitating the absorption of plant extracts by the pores of the skin.
Crinagentm (trademark owned by Raztec Enterprises) is a completely natural product for topical use. Its natural ingredients perform three functions: they block the activity of 5-alpha reductase, affect blood vessels that nourish hair follicles, reduce inflammation, which causes hair loss, has antibacterial properties.
The most powerful ingredients of the drug
Crinagentm - zinc and dwarf palm extract (Serenoa Repens), which are strong antiandrogens that block the conversion of testosterone to DHT. Besides,
CrinagenTM contains vitamin B6, which, together with zinc, inhibits 5-alpha reductase.
The blood flow in the hair follicles is another factor that is regulated
CrinagenTM. The drug contains polysorbate 20 and niocin, causing the release of histamine, as well as Ginkgo Biloba, which affects the volume of blood delivered to the hair follicles. The composition of the extract of Ginkgo Biloba includes two main classes of substances - bioflavonoids and terpenes. Bioflavonoids are characterized by many beneficial properties: they increase the absorption of vitamin C, which improves blood circulation, strengthens the walls of blood vessels and has antibiotic-like properties. They may also lower cholesterol and are powerful anti-inflammatory agents. The terpenes inhibit the platelet activating factor, the main mediator of the inflammatory response, and also affect platelet aggregation.
The effectiveness of such drugs is highly dependent on the ratio of their ingredients and especially on the way they are processed, which are the commercial secret of the firms producing them.
Experimental treatment
All lower listed medicines are in a stage of laboratory and clinical research.
NeoralTM (Sandoz Pharmaceuticals).
A newly developed drug cyclosporine, which is applied topically and does not have a general immunosuppressive effect.
Tacrolimus (FK506) (Fujisawa).
A newly developed drug that has similar effects to cyclosporin, but it is much less toxic and is used at lower doses. The big advantage of the drug is that it is applied topically and has an immunosuppressive effect only on a limited area.
Cytokines.
Now we know about 40 cytokines, and this number is increasing every year. Cytokines differ in properties. Some of them have an immunosuppressive effect and can block the development of the inflammatory process. Theoretically, such cytokines can help fight alopecia. Now in Germany, such studies are conducted and promising results have already been obtained. However, it is too early to talk about the massive use of cytokines in the fight against baldness.
Hair loss masking
For masking the early stages of alopecia, you can use shampoos and hair styling products that increase the volume of hairstyles that increase pomp. A visual increase in the volume of the hairstyle can be achieved by a perm. However, perm itself can damage the hair and aggravate the process.
If hair thinning is already noticeable, apply special dyes that mask the skin of the scalp and make the sunflower less visible. Dyes can be water based, waterproof and powdered. The drawbacks of the dyes are that they look unnatural at close range, they require additional time to be applied in the morning and washed off in the evening, and in addition, they impede the free breathing of the scalp and can cause skin irritation. It is best to use such dyes after hair transplantation, as a temporary remedy, until the scalp takes on the usual appearance.
For masking hair loss apply false hair, which is glued directly on the scalp with special glue. Glue is updated every 4-6 weeks. There are variations when hair is attached to a person’s own hair. Then, as the hair grows, they must be periodically updated. The disadvantages of this method are primarily the high cost of monthly procedures for applying hair. In addition, there is discomfort in hot weather with sweating, with washing the head and in an intimate situation when the hair begins to touch.
Surgical treatment of baldness include hair transplant. The most promising is the method of hair follicle transplantation from areas where follicles that are insensitive to DHT are located.
What is alopecia?
On the head of a healthy person it is approximately from 90,000 to 150,000 hairs (density 200-460 per cm² of the surface of the cranial vault). 80-90% of hairs are constantly in the phase of active growth (anagen), 1-3% are in a transitional stage (catagen), and the rest are in a dormant period (telogen), after which their natural dying off and new hair growth occurs.
What is alopecia? This is the medical term for various forms of unusual hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body. The name comes from the Greek ἀλωπεκία / alopecia - baldness, baldness, baldness.
Alopecia is a pathological hair loss that leads to thinning or disappearing completely in certain areas. The most common types of alopecia are androgenetic, symptomatic, cicatricial and focal.
Types of alopecia - what are the causes of balding?
Alopecia in the scalp area has many manifestations - from visible thinning of the hair to the appearance of different size and location of bare areas or complete baldness. The causes of the disease are diverse and based on them, and the clinical picture in dermatology distinguishes several subspecies of hair loss.
Androgenetic Alopecia
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss that occurs as a result of the genetically determined sensitivity of hair follicles. The reason for this type of baldness is hormonal disorders and genetic inheritance. At the initial stage of the disease in men, there is a gradual loss of the front line of hair growth and at the last stage the picture takes the form of a horseshoe. In women, the condition is characterized by widespread thinning of hair and / or alopecia, extending from the top of the head. The progression of androgenic alopecia can be stopped by oral and local administration of certain drugs, in combination with appropriate cosmetics.
Alopecia Alopecia
Alopecia areata - this type of alopecia is considered an autoimmune disease in which lymphocytes attack healthy cells - in the case of hair follicles, they suppress or completely stop hair growth. Alopecia areata is characterized by the appearance of bare areas with a round shape on the scalp.
For the treatment of hair loss most commonly used drugs, such as corticosteroids (synthetic analogues of steroid hormones) and special cosmetics, as an additional therapy.
Traumatic alopecia
Traumatic alopecia is a result of chemical or physical damage to the hair, and is most often caused by excessive / improper use of hair accessories, styling tools and cosmetic products.
Trichotillomania can be correlated to this type of hair loss - pulling out hair on the head and on other parts of one’s own body, most often during moments of sadness, intense tension, anger, and also when performing monotonous activities, such as talking on the phone, reading, etc. d. In this case, it will be enough to use stimulants for hair growth and other cosmetic products to correct the situation.
Cicatricial Alopecia
Cicatricial alopecia is one of the rarest forms of hair loss, most often after an infection, injury or other negative effects, the hair follicles die and are covered with scar tissue. In some cases, hair loss develops quickly and is accompanied by itching, burning and pain, in others it occurs gradually and without additional symptoms. Since the disease leads to permanent hair loss, it is necessary to immediately take a more aggressive treatment after a diagnosis is made in order to suppress its spread. Doctors usually prescribe oral and topical medications and specialized cosmetic products as an additional therapy.
Telogen miasma
Telogen miasma is a very common form of hair loss, which occurs under the influence of various factors (prolonged stress, poor nutrition, childbirth, diseases that cause baldness, taking certain medications, etc.). A large number of hair follicles fall out simultaneously in the resting phase (telogen). Telogen miasma is characterized by diffuse thinning of the hair on the scalp. When this condition is not a symptom of another pathological process, the condition does not require the use of medicines and can be favorably treated with the use of special cosmetics for hair.
Anagen miasma
Anagen miasma - this type of baldness begins very quickly after the onset of damage factors (exposure to strong toxins, chemotherapy, etc.), in which cases the hair falls out in the growth phase (anagen). Often, the results of this condition lead to the loss of all body hair. However, the process is reversible, and new hair growth can be accelerated through the use of medical cosmetics.
Alopecia can be classified into dozens of types, and some of them are among the diseases of unknown origin. Nevertheless, thanks to the efforts of modern medical researchers, more and more reliable methods and preparations are being created to treat the disease in all its forms.
Alopecia Treatment
Unfortunately, there are no topical treatments that will completely help to cure the unpleasant symptoms of alopecia. There are certain treatment approaches that can stimulate hair growth, but none of them can prevent new hair from falling, nor can it cure a disease that leads to hair loss. Your doctor may prescribe any of the following medicines for treatment.
Corticosteroids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that mimic the hormone cortisol. When used internally, these drugs suppress the immune system, which is why it is often used in autoimmune diseases such as alopecia. For the treatment of this disease, corticosteroids can be administered in three ways - ointments, topical corticosteroids for internal use, and for local injection.
Photochemotherapy is another method most commonly used to treat psoriasis. In clinical trials, about 55% of people manage to restore hair after using photochemotherapy.But it should be noted that the frequency of relapses is high, and it is recommended to visit the appropriate therapeutic center at least two or three times a week.
If drug treatment does not help, patients often resort to alternative methods. These treatments include acupuncture, nutritional supplements with zinc and vitamins, specialized diets. Do not forget that The efficacy of these treatments for baldness has not been proven., but some of them may even worsen the situation and hair loss will become more intense, so be extremely selective and careful when choosing a treatment for baldness.
As always, prevention remains the best "treatment", so healthy care for hair and body as a whole should be the top priority of every person.
What is it and how often does it occur?
For androgenic, or, as it is also called, androgenetic alopecia in women, male pattern baldness is characteristic, when thinning of hairs occurs, and then their loss in the forehead and in the crown.
At the same time, hair in other parts of the head continues to grow. Women appear bald patches, which can increase in size with an untimely visit to a doctor. The danger of this disease is that there is a high probability of irreversibility of the balding process.
The older the woman, the more pronounced the signs of the disease. Women over 50 years old are diagnosed in 25% of cases. By the age of 70, almost 40% of women have severe baldness. And this hair loss is not associated with seasonal changes or lack of vitamins.
The reason is a hormonal failure in the work of androgens, which are responsible for the growth of hair follicles. Androgens block the development of the bulb, as a result of which the cycle of their development decreases and their damage occurs. This provokes baldness in women.
The disease proceeds with the gradual progression of hair loss, going through the following stages:
- The hair gradually thinning and visually it is clear that the hair has become more rare.
- In the fronto-temporal areas and on the top there are small bald areas.
- The size of the bald patches increases, growing from the central part to the periphery.
- Practically on the whole part of the head, except for the occiput, large bald areas appear. The scalp is very smooth without hair.
Is it possible to cure?
So that the process of baldness does not turn into a pathological irreversible form, it is necessary to visit a trichologist with minor signs of alopecia.
Treatment of this type of disease will be successful if the patient is given a comprehensive treatment with various groups of medicines, prescribed physiotherapy and traditional medicine. Androgenetic type of baldness is difficult to treat., and during the course of her life, a woman will need to undergo a course of treatment up to several times a year, since the disease is characterized by relapses.
The task of the doctor is to identify the cause of the disease and, based on the indicators obtained after the diagnosis, to select an effective treatment. An important component for successful treatment is the adjustment of hormonal levels in women.
Medical methods
One of the leading drugs in the fight against androgenic alopecia is taking such a drug as Finasteride. There are analogues of this drug that are effective in the fight against baldness. These include:
One of the leading drugs in the fight against androgenic alopecia is taking such a drug as Finasteride. There are analogues of this drug that are effective in the fight against baldness. These include:Drugs reduce the production of a hormone such as dihydrosterone in the patient, which negatively affects the follicles due to the presence in the body of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase. Therapy with these drugs is at least 3 months. And only in 6-7 months can the hair cover be completely restored. The disadvantages include an increase in female hormones in the body. To accelerate the growth of hair and stimulate the bulbs of the patient prescribed Minoxidil.Due to its presence in the body, the lengthening of the hair growth phase, strengthening of the bulbs, which do not allow the hair to become more rare, occurs. The tool must be rubbed into the bald patch up to 2 times per day.
After 2-3 months, young hairs begin to appear. Drug treatment is quite long. The positive effect will be noticeable only after 12 months.
- Minomax.
- Dualgen
- Topical finasterides.
- Vitamin B6.
- Preparations with zinc.
Physiotherapy
- Mesotherapy.
An effective method that will get rid of alopecia. The essence of the procedure is to administer to the skin, where the lesions are observed, various drugs by injection. They penetrate into the deep layers of the skin, strengthening the follicles. This method will make it possible to stop even a very intensive loss of hair. 
Laser therapy.
Foci of damage are directed by the flow of laser beams, which powerfully act on the hair follicles. After the course of treatment, young hairs begin to appear on the bald areas. After 1-2 years, the centers of baldness disappear completely. It is recommended to conduct the procedure courses. Electrophoresis.
Problem areas are affected by alternating current of high frequency. Using special preparations, the doctor performs a procedure in which, due to current pulses, therapeutic agents effectively penetrate to the hair follicles, strengthening them and stimulating the growth of the strands.
Folk recipes
This type of treatment is recommended for use in the initial stages of the disease or in conjunction with other methods of combating alopecia. The most effective are the following recipes:
- A spoonful of burdock oil should be mixed with honey, yolk and a teaspoon of lemon juice. All components are mixed and carefully rubbed into the roots. Cover your head with a warm towel, and after 30 minutes, wash the hair.
- Nettle leaves pour a glass of boiling water and rinse them regularly strands after shampooing.
- The procedure is carried out regularly after the head is washed with shampoo. To do this, prepare a solution of a tablespoon of apple cider vinegar and lemon juice. These components are poured with a liter of boiling water, stirred and rinsed with clean hair.
- An effective treatment will be the use of a special mask, which is rubbed into the hair roots. It helps to improve the condition of the hair, has a beneficial effect on the bulbs, stimulates the growth of young hairs.
To do this, 100 grams of chamomile, St. John's wort or sage pour 500 g of any vegetable oil. Mixture insist 10 days in a dark place. Use until baldness ceases. It is well established in the fight against the intense loss of strands pepper tincture. For its preparation, it is necessary to grind 2 small pods of a plant and pour 500 mg of vodka powder. The mixture is infused for 2 weeks and then rubbed into the head every 7-10 days and held for 5-10 minutes.
Hair transplantation
This is a surgical method of treatment, which is resorted to if there is a large focus of baldness or conservative treatment did not give positive results.
A hair transplant is performed on a patient by graftsconsisting of 1-4 hairs. It takes about 400 grafts to transplant to heavily damaged skin. This procedure takes from 6 to 8 hours.
- The doctor shaves hair in places where donor material will be taken, leaving hairs of 1 mm.
- A special zone marking is made, and then an anesthetic drug is injected into this area.
- Using a special microsurgical instrument, the bulbs are removed and transplanted to the lesions under a microscope.
- For this, in advance at the sites of transplantation, manipulations are carried out to make micro holes.
- After 2 weeks, such implanted hairs fall out, and in their place, after 2-3 months, full-grown hair begins to grow.
The procedure is completely painless.and there are no marks or scars on the skin.
Baldness problem
According to the American Medical Association, 25% of men start to go bald by the age of thirty, and by the age of sixty, the proportion of bald men among the strong half of humanity reaches 66%. In principle, the TV is full of bald role-playing models, the existence of which should reconcile us with hair loss: Bruce Willis, Duane "The Rock" Johnson, Nikolay Valuev. But does not reconcile.
"Thick hair has always been associated with youth and masculinity, and alopecia (the medical name for baldness is MH) is a sign of aging."- explains Albert Mannes, a scientist from the University of Pennsylvania, who studies the psychological aspects of baldness.
Means that promise to defeat the bald head, enough. But only a few of them have proven their effectiveness. To make your choice easier, we have compiled a list of 6 most effective ways to deal with bald head, arranging them for your convenience in order of increasing value.
Medical Examination for Baldness
First of all, establish for what reason you have thinning hair. In 95% of cases, hair loss in men occurs according to the so-called androgenetic type. In this case, the hair follicles growing on the forehead and on the vertex are destroyed by the active form of the male hormone testosterone, dehydrotestosterone (DHT). Hair follicles on the back of the head and on the sides in this case do not suffer, they are not sensitive to DHT. But there are other types of baldness. For example, diffuse alopecia (hair loss all over the head), which can be caused by stress, improper diet, hormonal disorders. Or focal baldness (numerous bald spots appear on the head, “spots” without hair), caused by a malfunction of the immune system. Or cicatricial alopecia, for which infections are most often responsible. You will stop losing hair only if the doctor finds the root cause of baldness and removes it.
If you want to improve the condition of your hair, special attention should be paid to shampoos that you use. A frightening figure - in 97% of shampoos of famous brands are substances that poison our body. The main components, due to which all the troubles, on the labels are designated as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, coco sulfate. These chemicals destroy the structure of the hair, the hair becomes brittle, lose elasticity and strength, the color fades. But the worst thing is that this filth enters the liver, heart, lungs, accumulates in the organs and can cause cancer. We advise against using the means in which these substances are located. Recently, experts of our editorial staff conducted an analysis of sulfate-free shampoos, where the first place was taken by funds from the company Mulsan Cosmetic. The only manufacturer of all-natural cosmetics. All products are manufactured under strict quality control and certification systems. We recommend to visit the official online store mulsan.ru. If you doubt the naturalness of your cosmetics, check the expiration date, it should not exceed one year of storage.
Solutions for external use in baldness
Then we will talk about remedies for baldness, which should be used only if the doctor has determined that you have androgenetic alopecia. And forget about onion juice and baldness lotions with juniper oil. Use the preparations containing Minoxidil. In the US, it is one of two drugs approved as a baldness remedy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation also recognized Minoxidil as a remedy for alopecia.At the moment, it is proved that when applied to the scalp, this substance can not only stop hair loss, but sometimes stimulate their growth.
1. Diffuse alopecia
Often there is a type of baldness that causes many factors associated with the violation of the normal life cycle of the hair. The most common cause may be physical or psychological stress. Also, chronic and endocrine diseases, medications, food, and radiation exposure can cause diffuse alopecia. In general, this is one of the types of baldness that can occur in both men and women.
Depending on the type of diffuse alopecia, it is divided into three types: acute (hair begins to fall out suddenly), subacute (hair falls out over a long time, for example, several months) and chronic (hair falls out a few months, then calm and repeat again).
Treatment of diffuse alopecia consists of two stages: identifying the cause with its subsequent treatment and hair restoration. As a rule, the cause is severe stress or uncontrolled medication. A temporary cessation of the medication, its replacement or exclusion for several months will help to understand whether it is the cause of baldness. If the cause of diffuse alopecia is food, the doctor prescribes a diet that includes the correct ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as vitamins.
If the problem is identified quickly, then within a few months the hair can recover on its own. However, if this did not happen, then, most likely, the reason is a sharp transition of hair into the phase of the last stage of life, which is why new ones will not grow. In this case, the hair transplant will help you.
Minoxidil, a substance from the group of pyrimidine derivatives
The mechanism of action of drugs based on it is not exactly installed. It is assumed that it improves microcirculation of blood in the scalp, stimulates the transition of hair follicles in the growth phase. The effect usually becomes noticeable only after six months of use, while the tool should be applied to the head at least 2 times a day. It is necessary to stop using minoxidil, and after a few months the therapeutic effect will disappear and you will continue to go bald.
According to George Kostarellis, a professor at the Department of Dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania, you should not expect that you will have a magnificent mane from minoxidil, but it is quite possible to stop the baldness of this substance.
Annual rate - from 5000 rubles.
Side Effects: Increased hair loss in the first month after the start of the application (normally should stop within 2-4 weeks), dermatitis of the scalp, seborrhea.
Baldness tablets
With the main culprit male pattern baldness - dehydrotestosterone, finasteride successfully fights. This is the second substance from the FDA anti-baldness list (the first, if you forgot, minoxidil). Unfortunately, in Russia, preparations with finasteride that are intended specifically for the treatment of alopecia are not officially sold (we have a lot of pills from unofficial supplies). Therefore, the following information is of a general educational nature - we in no way encourage you to buy medicines that are not approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Therapeutic
Therapeutic procedures are aimed at restoring hair growth, nourishing the scalp and improving blood circulation in the skin. Focal baldness in both men and women can be cured by two main types of procedures, namely:
Both methods are quite effective for focal alopecia and are carried out in specialized medical centers. It is not recommended to carry out medical procedures by yourself.
Mesotherapy is an introduction to the skin of a special vitamin cocktail, which actively stimulates hair growth.The course mainly consists of 12 procedures, that is, 1 session of mesotherapy is carried out once in 7 days. Thanks to this procedure, the hair becomes strong and healthy, gain shine and accelerate its growth. Quite often, the procedure of mesotherapy is prescribed not only for women but also for men. Drugs that are injected into the scalp directly affect the living hair follicles, thereby disappearing baldness.
Plasmotherapy is a rehabilitation method that uses the patient's own blood plasma as a basis. The course of treatment consists of 4-6 procedures, each of which is carried out once every 2-3 weeks. Most often, the procedure is performed for diseases of the skin of the head and various types of baldness.
Therapeutic plasma therapy is considered to be more effective than mesotherapy, because injections cause cell regeneration and improve blood circulation.
Disease Video
The causes, characteristics and ways to treat alopecia are discussed in the video below.
A person's hair is constantly updated, while falling out and growing back again. Nevertheless, one should not ignore the significant loss of hair, which can develop into a serious disease, namely, focal alopecia. Diagnosis, symptoms and treatment of the disease must be determined by a qualified doctor. Baldness is most often seen in men, and in the most diverse age categories, but despite this, modern methods of treating and preventing baldness can get rid of many aesthetic difficulties.
Causes of Alopecia in Women, Men and Children
There are many types of alopecia, each of which has its own cause. There are such types of alopecia:
- Diffuse
- Androgenic Rubtsovaya
- Gnezdnaya
- Traumatic
- Ringworm
And each type has a number of subspecies, due to specific reasons. In the diagnosis can not do without the attention of the doctor and treatment in a medical institution.
Diffuse type
This type is characteristic of hair loss over the entire surface, scattered. If we are talking about mature hairs, the overall picture resembles hair thinning. If the young "shoots" are dying, then gradually thinning, hair can show pockets of baldness.
The causes of alopecia are the following:
- deficient states (lack of iron, zinc),
- chemotherapy, radiation therapy, some forms of oncology,
- poisoning with poisons or serious drugs,
- toxic damage after a number of diseases, such as hyperteriosis, mycosis,
- stress (as a clinical condition).
In women, 70% of this type of alopecia is caused by a lack of iron in the blood, often taking oral contraceptives and hormonal drugs. It may occur after pregnancy and childbirth.
Androgenic type
It is called genetic, as the cause is an increase in the level of the male hormone dihydrotestosterone in the blood. Its presence is associated with a genetic predisposition in men, although in rare cases it also occurs in women with hormonal imbalance. This type of disease has several characteristic signs.
The hairs first become thinner, which makes the whole mass of strands look rare. Then they break off, fall out. In addition, only those hairs that grow from the forehead to the crown are affected, the occipital region remains intact. May cause an increase in hormone levels
- Hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex.
- Carcinoid tumor.
- Hyperplasia or polycystic ovaries.
- Some hormonal drugs.
In men, the process of androgenic alopecia is considered the norm due to genetics.
Cicatricial type
For this type of disease is characterized by the appearance of small pockets of baldness, absolutely smooth and shiny. Here the hair follicles are missing, as on the surface of a deep scar, scar. They arise from any disease:
- Infectious (syphilis, some types of herpes, leishmaniasis, leprosy).
- Autoimmune (lichen red, scarring pemphigus, sarcoidosis).
- Balsan cell cancer.
Also, the disease can be congenital with malformations of hair follicles, and age, with the formation of large pigment spots. If the skin remains scar after a burn, including acid or chemical, or frostbite, the hair in this area also does not grow.
Nest type
This is the least studied type of alopecia. On the scalp, one or more sites of baldness appear. The skin on these small specks does not have scar tissue, does not change color and texture, but the hair falls out, and at the edge of the affected area is easily and painlessly pulled out.
Outbreaks can grow and coalesce, leading to complete baldness. The exact causes of this phenomenon have not been established. The disease usually occurs before the age of 25 years, and the only established factor accompanying the process are signs of a violation of local immunity.
Traumatic type
This damage to the hair is always caused artificially, and sometimes a predisposition to it is laid at an early age. The centers of alopecia scattered, have no clear boundaries. The hair may thin out and not recover, appear less thick at first.
This is a consequence of microtraumas that recur regularly and do not lead to scarring. Constant stresses and injuries of the bulbs appear because of the braids weaving too tight and fixing pins, or the neurotic habit of pulling out your own hair.
Ringworm
This is a fungal infection of the hair, in which the bulbs are attacked by the fungus species Microsporum or Trichophyton. First, itching appears on the skin, inflammation and microtrauma, dandruff. At the sites of chronic lesions, hair loss begins. In some cases, the hair just break off at the base.
Symptoms and diagnosis of the disease
The above symptoms are combined into a common picture that confirms the diagnosis of hair alopecia. Diagnosis allows you to distinguish it from other diseases associated with hair loss. After all, every person in life has moments when the hair is thinning or there are suddenly too many hairs on a comb.
And although such phenomena are characteristic of many diseases (for example, damage to the liver), it is only with alopecia that obvious areas of baldness appear. Even a diffuse type with long development gives noticeable areas where the hair is unnaturally small.
It is important to identify the onset of alopecia in time, since in the later stages it is almost impossible to return the density of hair. Be sure to visit the trichologist if:
- On the scalp of the head appeared areas with rare hair.
- Hair fall heavily.
- The tips of the hairs are thinned, very fragile.
- There is itching, severe irritation of the scalp.
In the initial stages of the disease, the alopecia foci may temporarily disappear, sometimes the hair begins to grow normally. But after a short period of time, they again thin out and fall out, after which the remission may not come.
Diagnosis of the disease
A primary examination will help to determine if a person’s pathological hair loss actually begins. However, the greatest difficulty is the search for the cause of damage to the scalp. Therefore, the doctor conducts a series of tests and analyzes, alternately removing from the list of possible causes. Start with the most obvious and common features.
It is necessary to conduct a detailed blood test, which gives information about a number of hormones, including male hormones. Thyroid hormones are also important. A syphilis test is also done, and the immune system can be evaluated.
The following text is also made: the doctor grasps the hairs one by one in the area of formation of the center of alopecia, and very carefully pulls. If the bulb easily leaves its place, this is characteristic of a number of varieties of the disease.In addition, the hair is examined under a microscope. The condition of each part gives the doctor useful information.
A skin biopsy provides data on diseases such as sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, some kinds of lichen. It helps to identify focal alopecia. Also carried out spectral analysis of the hair.
This is a standard set of procedures required for initial diagnosis. Having identified specific symptoms, the doctor may begin treatment or prescribe additional research. New tests and tests may be required when adjusting the treatment.
Prevention of total alopecia
Preventive measures to strengthen hair prone to loosening and falling out should be used regularly and taking into account the reason for wagging hair in a particular case. However, each patient should monitor the quality of their nutrition and psychoemotional state.
The impact of stress on the body is difficult to exaggerate, and a strong emotional load can lead to hormonal disruption, reduced immunity, the emergence or exacerbation of autoimmune and chronic diseases. Even infections are easier to develop in the body, weakened by stress.
Take care of your hair and fight alopecia correctly
The lack of a number of minerals and vitamins can also be detrimental to the hair. And in some cases in the blood of the desired substance a lot, but it is not fully digested. Therefore, it is worth looking for vitamin-mineral complexes with a suitable composition.
Hair care includes:
- The use of quality, suitable means.
- Neat combing, rare use of hard hairpins, ironing, tongs and other devices.
- Wearing soft hats in the winter.
Protect the scalp from overcooling and overheating. Find a good specialist and regularly massage your head with nourishing oils; perform procedures such as mesotherapy in the salons.
If you have signs of alopecia, do not practice self-treatment! Only the qualified assistance of the trichologist will help to restore the entire volume and avoid serious damage to the hair.
Finasteride
Finasteride, a substance from the group of carboxamide derivatives, partially blocks the transition of testosterone to the active form - DHT, and thus protects your hair follicles from destruction. The effect becomes noticeable 3-4 months after the start of treatment. As in the case of minoxidil, it is necessary to stop taking finasteride, and baldness will begin to take its own. Especially rely on the growth of new hair is not worth it, most often finasteride simply protects the existing ones. The annual rate at the "gray" suppliers - from 9000 rubles.
And yet: you should not self-medicate with the help of drugs with finasterid, which are sold officially in Russian pharmacies. They are intended for the treatment of prostate adenoma, and they contain 5 times more active substance than is needed to combat alopecia.
Male-pattern baldness (also known as androgenic alopecia) affects millions of men. Hair begins to fall above the temples, forming the letter M. Over time, hair falls on the back of the head, as well as on the sides of the head, which ultimately leads to complete baldness. If you have started male pattern baldness and you don’t like it, you can resort to some treatments.
Effective fight against baldness by ancient methods
To do this, remove the brain from the beef bone (grams 100-150), boil it in a small amount of water - the water must be boiled out completely. Strain through a sieve. Discard the residue in the sieve and only use the drain. Now that the filtered, mix with 50 ml of vodka.
My head. But before washing, thoroughly massage it and lubricate it with clove oil. After washing our heads we produce tar soap. And now carefully (about five minutes) we rub the “balm” prepared by us into the scalp.We cover our heads so that you can sleep all night.
And in the morning you need to massage your head again and comb well.
The rest is as usual. The remedy is ancient. Then they had a lot of brains, but little vodka. And this is understandable. People still did not know how to drink ... They probably took care of their health or simply knew how to have fun without vodka.
Method 1. Possible treatment options:
Understand the nature of male pattern baldness. Although androgenic alopecia is associated with the presence of male hormones (androgens), the exact cause of baldness is unknown. This type of baldness is caused by a genetic predisposition, and the primary androgen, which is believed to provoke baldness, is called dihydrotestosterone. The increased content of this hormone in the hair follicles shortens the life cycle of the hair and retards the growth of new hair. Over time, hair follicles cease to produce hair, but they remain alive and able to do so. Try using minoxidil. Minoxidil is a certified drug used to treat male pattern baldness. It stimulates hair growth and is applied to the scalp. Minoxidil slows down hair loss, and some patients have new hairs. Unfortunately, after stopping the use of the drug, hair loss resumes.
Method 2. Improving the quality of hair
Eat food that will help you fight fallout. Often, eating disorders lead to baldness. Poor nutrition causes deficiency of macronutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) and microelements (vitamins and minerals), which causes problems in the body and hair loss. To support the hair and the body as a whole, include the following foods in the diet:
- Red, yellow and orange fruits and vegetables (carrots, yams, peppers, melons). They are rich in vitamin A, or beta-carotene. In the course of research, it was found that vitamin A stimulates cell growth and strengthens them, including cells of the hair follicle.
- Eat fatty fish (salmon, sardines), which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids.
- Eat yogurt and other foods high in vitamin B5. This vitamin accelerates blood circulation and increases blood flow to the scalp, which, in turn, stimulates hair growth.
- Make a spinach salad - this product contains a lot of vitamin A, iron, folic acid salt and vitamin C. This cocktail of vitamins and minerals will be beneficial for the health of your scalp and hair.
- Eat more protein, which is contained in lean meat (chicken, turkey), low-fat dairy products, protein vegetables (beans). Hair consists of a protein molecule - keratin, so the hair needs a useful protein.
- Eat foods with vitamin B7 (which is also known as biotin) - it stimulates hair growth. This vitamin is in eggs, fortified cereals, dairy products and in chicken.
- Eat foods high in zinc: oysters, lobster, fortified cereals. Lack of zinc can lead to hair loss, so you should consume a sufficient amount of this substance with food.
Drink more water. If the body is dehydrated, skin and hair cells will not be able to grow and develop. To keep your hair healthy and grow, drink as much water as possible.
- Try to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day and even more if you exercise or if it is hot outside.
- Caffeinated beverages (coffee, tea, soft drinks) cause dehydration, so if you drink them, water will leave the body.
- Try to drink water and unsweetened tea or juices. Limit caffeine intake to one or two cups per day.
Get rid of stress. Although androgenic alopecia does not provoke stress, nervous tension can cause hair loss. To keep your hair healthy, avoid stressors. There are three types of hair loss due to stress:
- Telogen alopecia is a disease in which stress causes a large number of hair follicles to hibernate and not work for several months.
- Trichotillomania is a disease caused by stress, in which a person has an inexplicable craving for pulling out hair. The most common cause is stress, as well as tension, feeling of loneliness, boredom or despair.
- Alopecia areata is a disease in which the human immune system attacks the hair follicles, resulting in hair loss.
- Unlike male pattern baldness, hair loss due to stress is not always irreversible. If you lose your hair, see a doctor - he can determine the cause.
Make an appointment with a doctor. Some diseases cause hair loss, and this has nothing to do with male pattern baldness. If your hair falls out, make an appointment with your doctor so that he can determine the cause of the problem and find out what kind of health problems you have.
- Hormonal fluctuations (for example, during pregnancy, after childbirth or during menopause), as well as problems with the thyroid gland can temporarily cause hair loss.
- Infections of the scalp, for example, with ringworm, can lead to balding areas on the head. Usually hair grows after treatment.
- Some other diseases, including lichen planus and some varieties of lupus erythematosus and sarcoidosis, can cause irreversible alopecia.
Method3. Folk remedies
Try to put onion juice. Although the effectiveness of this method has not been fully confirmed by research, onion juice can stimulate hair growth in people with male pattern baldness. In the study, which was attended by 23 people, after applying the juice of onions on the head twice a day for six weeks, improvements were observed in 20 people. Although patients with circular alopecia participated in the study, you can also try. Cut the onion, then squeeze the juice out of it. Apply the juice to the scalp twice a day, leave for 30 minutes and rinse. Try doing this for at least 6 weeks to see if the onions will help you.
Other methods
There are many other treatments that are worth trying. Remember that all of them have not been tested under laboratory conditions and may not work. If in doubt, consult your doctor.
- Try applying aloe vera gel on your head and leave for an hour, then rinse. Repeat 3-4 times a week.
- Try using liquorice root paste. It will soothe irritated scalp and relieve redness. Mix a tablespoon of chopped licorice root, a quarter of a teaspoon of saffron and a cup of milk.Apply the mixture to the balding areas, cover and leave overnight. Wash off in the morning. Repeat 1-2 times a week.
- Try Chinese Hibiscus Flowerswhich stimulates hair growth, treats dandruff and makes hair thicker. Mix flowers with coconut oil, heat until a black substance appears, squeeze the oil. Apply on the head before bedtime and leave overnight. Wash your hair in the morning. Repeat several times a week. You can also use beets, flax seed and coconut milk.
- You can enhance the effect of minoxidil, if you dye your hair after three to four months of use of the drug. From Minoxidil, the hair first grows thin, and the dye enhances the contrast between the hairs and the scalp, making it appear that the hairstyle has become thicker. This is one of the techniques that is used when creating photos "before and after" in advertising drugs.
- There are many different types of baldness, they all have different reasons. Talk to your doctor before you try out the folk remedies on yourself.
- Try to wear lining of artificial hair. These are small wigs or strands that can cover bald areas.
Warnings
- Before you start taking the drugs listed above, read the instructions for use and watch for side effects.
- Do not resort to folk or home remedies if you are allergic to any substances in them.
5. Specific Alopecia
This type of alopecia is divided into several subspecies:
1. Seborrheic
With an increase in the secretion of the sebaceous glands, the disease develops - seborrhea. If this process is not stopped in time, inflammation occurs on the scalp. As a result, one disease gives rise to another: seborrheic alopecia develops against a general unfavorable background.
Unlike other types of baldness, with seborrheic alopecia, one of the most effective ways to treat is considered a balanced diet. The main focus is on reducing fat and carbohydrates in food. As well as the rejection of certain products - pickles, alcohol, coffee.
2. Symptomatic
The frequency of manifestation is in second place after androgenetic. The main reason - a failure in the functioning of body systems. This is facilitated by constant stressful situations, taking certain drugs, venereal diseases and hormonal disorders. With a general weakening of the body, the follicles cease to function properly and fall out. In this case, treatment is prescribed depending on the causes of hair loss.
3. Congenital
As the name implies, this type of alopecia appears in a person from birth. As a rule, hair does not grow in certain places, and outwardly it looks like one or more bald spots. Treatment of this disease begins in childhood, conducting hormone therapy, physiotherapy, and also prescribing a diet. If for some reason the treatment was not carried out in childhood, then hair restoration is possible only with the help of a hair transplant surgery.
4. Traumatic
Such alopecia appears due to head injury, and treatment is prescribed depending on the severity. For example, for minor injuries, such as scratches or abrasions, there are enough creams, and in some cases the wound heals with complete restoration of the old hair without external help. But if the injury is strong, and a thick layer of skin is torn off, then complex treatment may be required using complex therapy. In the absence of timely treatment, cicatricial deformity can occur, and then independent restoration of hair cover will be impossible. In this case, only help hair transplant surgery.
5. Age
The most common cause of baldness in men. It makes no sense to write about her a lot - everyone already knows that hormones and a genetic predisposition become the cause of age-related alopecia.In addition, the cause of hair loss may be a lack of vitamins such as B1, B5 and B10. Applying these vitamins as prescribed by a physician can slow down age-related alopecia.
6. Radiation
Occurs after strong radiation exposure. With a short duration of the hair follicles are not damaged and after a while they restore themselves. With long-term irradiation, the bulbs can die off, which is why hair restoration is possible only with the help of a hair transplant surgery.
